Unit 8

Coherence

1.(9) Miyoko’s first stopon her flight on Tokyo to the United States was San Fransisco.
2.(7) She expected to find the tall skyscapers she had seen on postcard on New York.
3.(3) But San Fransisco did not look anything like New York.
4.(14) For one thing, it is all buit on hills.
5.(5) Many homes have views of the bay and ocean.
6.(10) Miyoko especially like two the bridges that cross San Fransisco Bay.
7.(8) The bay Bridges is majestic.
8.(13) Even more beautiful is the Garden Gate Bridge, stretching from San Fransisco to Marin Country.
9.(1) The Garden Gate Bridge separates San Fransisco Bay from the Pasific Osean.
10.(4) It crosses to San Fransisco to Oakland.
11.(12) After seeing the many hills and bridges, Miyoko was surprised to learn that San Fransisco has a very large Japanes population.
12.(2) She went to Japan center, where the Buidings and Restaurants looked familiar.
13.(6) Here she was able to talk with people in her native language.
14.(11) From them, she learned that San Fransisco is a most hospitable city for people from the Orient.


Exercise 1

1.KIND OF DEVELOPMENT: DEVELOPMENT FROM SUPPORTING FACTS TO A GENERAL STATEMENT.
b. At the bottom’ Professor John Mathewson had Sprained his ankel.
e. Partway up, he had lost his rope.
a. When he was almost at the top, his foot had slipped on a loose rock, and he had nearly fallen 1,000 feet down the steer side of the peak.
c. Finally, Professor John Mathewson crawled to the top of Mt. Everest.
d. It had been a long, hard climb to the top.

2. KIND OF DEVELOPMENT: DEVELOPMENT FROM THE MOST IMPORTANT TO THE LEAST IMPORTANT.
b. I argeud that two years of study abroad would help me a lot at this stage of my career.
e. I found it hard to leave my home and travel to another land.
c. For one thing, my father was not well.
a. Then, too, my mother wanted me to stay close my sister.
d. Finally, my sister offered to stay at home alone during my absence.
f. this made some of my problems begins to vanish.

3.KIND OF DEVELOPMENT: DEVELOPMENT FROM
b. Standing of the edge of the road, I looked up the fently winding driveway that climbed to the front of the road.
e. The house stood on a level space surrounded by tall oak trees.
a. Behind the house a hill rose sharply.
d. The hill ended in a curved peak that seemed to frame the whole scene.
c. I had never seen such a lovely setting for a house.

4.KIND OF DEVELOPMENT: DEVELOPMENT FROM THE MOST IMPORTANT TO LEAST IMPORTANT.
c. Jose did not complete his mathematics examination yesterday.
d. Like many college students, he does not know how to use time profitably during an examination.
a. He spent the first fifteen minutes of the hours working on the first of ten examination problems.
b. He spent other minutes doodling on his test paper.

5.KIND OF DEVELOPMENT: DEVELOPMENT FROM THE MOST IMPORTANT TO LEAST IMPORTANT.
a. Then you will come to a hallway leading to the library’s music room.
d. As you enter te main door of the library, you will see the information desk directly in front of you.
b. Walking arround the information desk to the left, you will pass the children’s reading room on your right.
e. At the end of the hallway you will see a sign.
c. The sign reads, To the Music Room.

EXERCISE 2

1.KIND OF DEVELOPMENT: DEVELOPMENT BY TIME
(2) Elizabet’s classmates knew that she would win the top award in chemistry during her senior year at Colombia University.
(3) First, she had studied chemistry during her sophomore and junior years.
(1) Second, she never missed a class.
(4) Third, she performed every required experiment in all her chemistry courses.
(5) Fourth, she always worked hard.

2.KIND OF DEVELOPMENT: DEVELOPMENT BY SPACE
(1) While standing in front of the information desk in the library, I saw some students using the files in the reference from some distance away.
(2) About 15 feet away from me, an old lady wearing a large hat put on her glasses. (3) She was studying a rare book in one of the locked display cases.
(4) Much closer to me, two students were quietly and seriously talking about a book.

3.KIND OF DEVELOPMENT: DEVELOPMENT FROM SUPPORTING FACTS TO A GENERAL STATEMENT
(1) Our candidates do not want our blassings.
(2) When she went to the polls, she took her ballot and simply wrote on the bottom of it, “God bless you all!”.
(3) We should not be like the lady who knew all the candidates in a small-town election and though they were all such nice people that she could not choose among them.
(4) They want our votes.
(5) We must all use our right to vote.

4.KIND OF DEVELOPMENT: DEVELOPMENT FROM THE MOST IMPORTANT TO LEAST IMPORTANT
(2) Arizona is a large state.
(3) Yet Arizona could absorb all six New England states, add Holland, and still have more than enough room to tuck in Switzerland.
(6) On a map, ordered by other western states, Arizona appears to be only of average size.
(1) But the state’s population, although it is growing at a tremendous rate, is well bellow that of the city of Pittsburg.
(5) Its population is only 638,000.
(4) Arizonans have plenty of living room.

5.KIND OF DEVELOPMENT: DEVELOPMENT FROM A GENERAL STATEMENT TO SUPPORTING STATEMENTS
(3) A good vocabulary, then, can give you a real sense of power and a feeling of pleasure.
(7) Look up the word genial in a dictionary before you leave school this afternoon.
(2) Use it correctly in convertation thee times before tomorrow’s class.
(6) If you learn a new word everyday, in a year’s time you will have 365 new sources of power and pleasure.
(4) The word will then be yours to keep.
(5) You’ll be on your way toward making yourself a master of words.
(1) Why not start now?


THE ANSWERS OF QUESTIONS 1-23

Questions 1-8
1.The main poin of this passage is that:
(C) although carbon tetrachloride can legally be used in industy, it is not allowed in home products
2.The word “widely” in line 2 could most easily be replaced by:
(B) extensively
3.The wor “banned” in lne 4 is closest in meaning to:
(A) forbidden
4.According to the passage, before 1970 carbon tetrachloride was:
(D) not allowed in home cleaning products
5.It is sate in thr passage that when carbon tetrachloride is heated, it becomes:
(A) harmful
6.The word “inhaled” in line 7 is closest in meaning to:
(B) breathed in
7.The word “revoked” in line 8 could most easily be repleced by:
(A) gave
8.It can be inferred from this passage that one role of the U.S. goverment is to:
(A) regulate product safety

Questions 9-16
9.The paragraph preceding this passage most likely discusses:
(A) a survey of eighteenth-century art
10.Which of the following best describes the information in the passage:
(B) one artist’s life and works are desribed
11.Whistler is considered an American artist because:
(A) he was born in America
12.The word “majority” in line 2 is closest in meaning to:
(D) high presentage
13.It is implied in the passage that Whistler’s family was:
(B) highly supportive of his desire to persue art
14.The word “objection” in the line 7 is closest in meaning to:
(A) protest
15.In line 8, “etchings” are:
(A) a type of painting
16.The word “asymmetrical” in line 11 is closest in meaning to:
(B) uneven

Questions 17-23
17.Which of the following is the best title for this passage?:
(D) The Evermoving Stars
18.The expression “naked eye” in line 1 most probably refers to:
(C) unassisted vision
19.According to the passage, the distance between the stars and Earth are:
(B) huge
20.The word “perceptible” in line 5 is closest in meaning to which of the following:
(A) noticeable
21.In line 6, “misconseption” is closest in meaning to a/an:
(C) erreneous belief
22.The passage states that 200 years Bernard’s star can move:
(D) a distance seemingly equal to the diameter of the Moon
23.The passage implies that from Earth it appears that the planets:
(C) show approximately the same amount of movement as the stars

Unit 5

UNIT 5
Types of Sentences
(page 56-57)
The Answers of Exercise B
1. To make money, they must first spend money, for inventory, supplies, equipment and facilities acquired and employees paid.
2. Revenue from sales of the firm’s product should be the chief source of funding.
3. Financial manager is the ones who keeps track of how money is flowing into and out of the firms.
4. A financial manager decides how the available funds will be used, how much money is needed, and where to get it.
5. Financial management is the responsibility of the vice president of finance of the chief of finance officer.
6. The main function of accountants is to collect and present financial data.
7. The basis of financial decision is financial statement.
8. The financial manager’s job is focus on cash flow and out flow of cash.
9. The jobs of CFO are coordinate information from such area as marketing and production to develop and carry out financial strategies.
10. In a small firm, the financial functions are performed by either the accounting department or one or two poeple.
11. The key activities of the financial managers are financial planning, investment and financing.
12. Budgets are a way to control expense and compare the actual performance to the forecast.
13. The function of budgets are revised when the assumptions on which the budgets was based on longer hold true.
14. The three types of budgets are cash budgets, capital budgets and operating budgets.

(page 58-61)
Exercise 1
1. The one who keep track of how money is flowing into and out the firm is known as:
(b) financial manager.
2. The formal written forcast of revenue and expenses is known as:
(c) budget.
3. It is used to forecast the firm’s cash inflow and outflow:
(a) Cash budget
4. Investment, financing and financial planning are the main activities of:
(b) Financial manager
5. It is used to control and monitor the performance of a division or department:
(c) Budget

Exercise 2
1. revenue = (b) the main source of funding
2. finance = (a) sum of money intended for special purpose
3. expectation = (f) hopes
4. company = (k) firm
5. job = (m) assignment
6. expense = (l) cost
7. function = (e) role
8. division = (o) Segment
9. plan = (g) design
10. equipment = (n) apparatus
11. estimate = (j) approximate to some value more or less acuracy
12. implement = (h) the act of planning
13. projection = (i) put into practice
14. available = (c) obtainable
15. fund = (a) sum of money intended for special purpose
Exercise 3
1. All companies need money to meet the goals.
(TRUE)
2. Keeping track of cash inflow and outflow is the function of financial managers.
(TRUE)
3. Preparing and implemaenting financial plans is one of the duties of financial managers.
(FALSE)
4. Financial forecast starts with the financial planning process within the firm.
(FALSE)
5. Budget are formal written forecast or revenues and expenses.
(TRUE)
6. Cash budgets forcast outlays for fixed assets.
(FALSE)
7. Budgets guarantee that the firm will have enough funds to buy the equipment. (FALSE)
8. Operating budgets forecast the firm’s cash inflows and outflows.
(FALSE)

Exercise 4
NO. NOUN VERB
1. Equipment Equipe
2. Relation Relate
3. Statement State
4. Preparation Prepare
5. Coordination Coordinate
6. Information Inform
7. Development Develop
8. Estimation Estimate
9. Combination Combine
10. Consideration Consider

The Answer of Exercise 5
1. Money is refered to capital.
2. Continue to is refered to advanced.
3. Chief is refered to primary.
4. Obtain is refered to available.
5. Factor is refered to element.
6. Uses is refered to utilizes.
7. Paid back is refered to repaid.
8. Anticipate is refered to solve.

(page 66-69)
Exercise 1
1. The books from the library need to be returned by Friday.
2. The parents and the chid often watch Disney movies.
3. The phone that belongs to the two friends has finally run out of minutes.
4. That pair of trousers look good on you.
5. Either Matilda or her brother use the simphony tickets each week.
6. The crowd was cheering wildly for Tom.
7. The politics of this campign seem very complicated.
8. Everyone at the company’s headquarters knows the code to the safe.
9. Gulliver’s Travels are one of my favorite books.
10. Measles cause a good deal of itching.

Exercise 2
1. Emily and Greg come to my house every Friday for lunch.
2. There needs is time to watch the movie.
3. My friends who are in the band want me to play a musical instrument.
4. My father or my brothers are coming with me to the ball game.
5. Everyone needs time to relax.
6. That bag of oranges look fresh.
7. The lacrosse team hope to win the turnament next week.
8. Your trousers need to be cleaned.
9. Some of the books on the shelf are dusty.
10. Even though the students like the class, a few think that is too complicated.
Exercise 3
1. So many people are waiting outside.
2. The office next door was closed all day yesterday.
3. The print on the labels is so small.
4. The carpet has so many stains on it that it needs to be replaced.
5. The Trade Union members’ meeting are downstairs in the Conference Room.
6. Mr. and Mrs. Taylor have moved in the next door to us.
7. Two cars and a coach were involved in the motorway accident.
8. This application form for the new job, which was posted yesterday, has gone missing.
9. My neighbour plays his music so loud that the walls almost vibrate.
10. Ricardo does not care whether United or City is winning.
11. The bouquet of flowers has just arrived.
12. He makes use of the computer now, and even writes reports for the manager with it.

Unit 4

UNIT 4
Types of Sentences
(page 54)
Practice 83-A
1. Many poor boys became famous. (Simple sentence)
2. Wood was a famous painter and Bok was a foremost editor. (Simple sentence)
3. Before he assumed his job, he prepared for it very carefully. (Complex sentence)
4. Bok made the best of a bad situation. (Simple sentence)
5. Hendry Ford inherited many traits from his mother . (Simple sentence)
6. Because he had a brillian mind, Ford planed his horseless carriage. (Complex sentence)
7. He hadn’t worked hard he would never have become a success . (Complex sentence)
8. Will Roger enjoyed wealth and fame in abundance . (Compound sentence)
9. Thomas Edison who made his first scientific experiment at the age of six, invented many things . (Complex sentence)
10. After he invented the phonograph , Edison wrote an article for the megazines. (Complex sentence)

Practice 83-B
1. Grant’s tomb, which was built of granite, is located in New York. (Complex sentence)
2. Though Grant was a fearless military man, he was a weak President. (Compound sentence)
3. Grant and Lee were two famous generals. (Simple sentence)
4. His memoirs, which were finished a week before his death, were sold by Mrs. Grant. (Complex sentence)
5. He fought the southern troops under terrible conditions. (Simple sentence)
6. Lee was offered the command of the union army, but he chose to lead the South. (Complex sentence)
7. When grant finished his second term as President, he and his family toured Europed. (Complex sentence)
8. U.S. Grant served two tems as President, but he died a poor man. (Compound sentence)
9. Clay was a brilliant orator, but Webster was the greatest of them all. (Compound sentence)
10. Clay was a leader of a group of young statesmen who were called “War Hawks”. (Complex sentence)
11. Clay was a member of the cabinet before Webster was ever in the Senate.
12. They worked and fought side by side. (Simple sentence)
13. Andrew Jackson had a nickname “Old Hickory”. (Simple sentence)
14. He had a strong personality or he would never have risen to such heights. (Simple sentence)
15. Jackson, who was the Hero of the Battke of New Orleans, was a military leader. (Compound sentence)

Unit 3

UNIT 3
Skimming
(page 26-27)
Exercise 1
Candy is not good for your teeth. It is specially bad for cildren’s teeth. If children eat a lot of candy, they will have problems later.

Against√
Large cars can cause problems. They are more difficult for park than small cars. They also use more gas.

Against√

In San Fransisco, the air is always a comfortable temperature. It is never too hot or too cold. It is perfect weather all year.

For √

Some peopletake many vitamin pills everyday. These people believe lost of vitamin pills are good for their health. But they are wrong. Too many vitamin pills can hurt your health.

For √

There is something sad about animals in the zoos. They never really look happy. Maybe they are thinking about teir real home. Maybe they do not like people looking at them all the time.

For √

Computers are very helpful for all kinds of work. They are usually quicker and more correct than people.

For √

Computers may cause serious problems in our world. Now it is possible to keep a lot of information on a computer. The people who have that information maybe dangerous.

Against√

“A spoonful of sugar helps the medicine go down.” This is from popular song, but it is often true. Sometimes there are goods reasons to give children sugar or candy.

For √

Exercise 2
Many people believe that meat is an important food to eat. It is not true. You don’t need eat meat at all. In fact, you may be more healthly if you do not eat meat.

For Against √ .

Travel is not always fun. Often there are problems with transportation, language or hotels. It is also very tiring to travel, and you can easily get sick.

For Against √ .

Today it is better not to have a camera when you travel. A camera is heavy an difficult to carry. It is also not necessary. You can buy good picture postcards almost everywhere.

For Against √ .

A bicycle is the best way to see a country. It does not need gas. It is not expensive. And you also get some exercise at the same time you are travelling.

For √ Against .

Bicycle can be very dangerous. You can hurt yourself by falling of the bicycle. You can also get seriously hurt if you are hit by car.

For Against √ .

Everyone should learn another language. A second language is very useful these days. It may also teach you something about other people and places.

For √ Against .

It is not easy to move to another country. There may be problems with language or culture. It may be difficult to find job or a place to live. And in another country, you do not have family or friends to help.

For Against √ .

Music often makes you feel better about life. It can make you happy if you are sad. It can make you relax when you are nervous.

For √ Against .

(page 28-30)
Exercise 1
A paraket is a smallbird that lives in southern forest. The parrot is similar to a parakeet, but it is larger. Both birds sometimes can learn how to say words.
Listing time-order
√ Comparison cause-effect

Some kinds of birds cannot fly. The penguin is one of these birds. It lives mostly in the very cold Antartic climate. Another kind of bird cannot fly is the ostrich. It is live in Africa.
√ Listing time-order
Comparison cause-effect

Lisa plans to travel in Europe this summer. In June, she will visit Sicily.then in July, she will bicycle in northen Italy. In August, she will travel through France. By September, she will hopes to be in Paris.
Listing √ time-order
Comparison cause-effect

Headaches are often the result of phsycological causes. For example, worrying about somethings can cause a headaches.
Listing time-order
Comparison √ cause-effect

The clambake is a popular New England dinner. It usually includes many different kinds of seafood. Clame are the mostly common kinds of seafood at a clambake. There may also be lobster and mussels.
√ Listing time-order
Comparison cause-effect

Many people do not like to use computers for writing. They prefer to use typewriters. They know computers are faster and more accurate. But, they are more comfortable with typewriters.
Listing time-order
√ Comparison cause-effect

Gold was first found in California in about 1840. The next ten years in American history are called the Calofornia Gold Rush. Many people move to the west during those years to look for gold. By 1850, there were many new “Gold Rush” towns in California.
Listing time-order
Comparison √ cause-effect

Cola and ginger ale are boths kinds of soft drinks. Both these drinks have a lot of sugar in them. But Cola has caffein in it, and ginger ale does not.
Listing time-order
√ Comparison cause-effect


Exercise 2
Left Ericson was probably was probably the first European to see America. He visited some of the northern areas in about 1000. The next European visitor to America was Christoper Colombus in 1492.
Listing √ time-order
Comparison cause-effect

The Spanish kings and queens sent many people to find out about America. Christopers Colombus was one of these people. Ponce de Leon was another. And Vasco da Gama was yet a third.
√ Listing time-order
Comparison cause-effect

Leif Ericson Probably had a more difficult trip across the Atlantic Osean than Christoper Colombus. Ericson sailed across the cold northern part of the Atlantic. But Colombus sailed across the south where it was warmer.
Listing time-order
√ Comparison cause-effect

Many American Indians died soon after the Europeans arrived. There was one important reason for this. The Europeans brought new kinds of disease with them. These desease caused thousands of deaths in a short time.
Listing time-order
Comparison √ cause-effect

Some of the early Americans did not want to come to this country. For example, there were many Africans who had come as slaves. Some Europeans had to come for religious reasons.
Listing time-order
Comparison √ cause-effect

When you study for an exam, you should follow these three steps. First, you should make sure you have all the information you need. Next, you should put that information in order. Then you should make a list of the most important things.
√ Listing time-order
Comparison cause-effect

Some people belive that changes in the weather cause changes in their health. This may be the reason why many people get the “flu” in New England. In New england,the weather can change very suddenly.

Comparison √ cause-effect


Scanning
(page 32-43)
The Ansewers of Exercise 1
There are 6 features in the magazines.
The title of the article on noise pollution is “The Trouble with Jet Skis”.
I can read about long lake on page 2.
There are 6 departements in the magazine.
Yes, it does. It is on page 17.
I can read about birds on page 23.
Yes, it does. His name is John Mitchell.
I can read about freshwater ponds on page 14.
The title of the article by Betsy Colburn is “Watcher at the Pond”.
The Article by Deborah Knight is on the page 6.

The Answers of Exercise 2
Item(s) Page(s)
TOEFL 132
Taste 53
Vocabulary v, 12, 28, 29, 33,37,61, 75, 92, 107, 126
Writing 63
Sound 75, 76, 131, 135, 148, 152, 156
Stereotype 9, 14, 53
Time magazine 118
University of Illinois 127, 128, 132
Andrew Wright 159
Garry trudeau 66

The Answers of Exercise 3
The ferry depart from Seattle at 7:00 AM.
The ferry depart from Victoria at 2:00 PM.
I cann’t take the ferry on a Wenesday in March or April.
There are two ferry trips everyday, during June 30, until September 14.
There are ferry trips only on the weekends, during October 1, until October 15.
The bill of a round trip for a student os $39.
A father and two litle children would pay $93 for round trip.
The lastest time that I can take a ferry from Victoria to Seattle is at 4:20 PM.
The ferry take to travel from Seattle to Victoria is about 5 hours more 20 minutes.
No, I cann’t. I cann’t take a ferry from Victoria at 4:20 PM in October.

Parts of Speech
(page 51)
The Ansewers of Exercise 1
In 1610, Galileo Galilei of Pisa, Italy, used his simple telescope and pointed it aat the
moon’s mountains and valleys.
Used = transitive verb
Simple = qualitative adjective
Telescope = countable noun
Pointed = transitive verb
Montains = countable verb
Valleys = countable verb

People who make a living by hunting birds can tell you that certain birds, because of their colour, can easily deceive you.
People = countable nouns
Make = transitive verb
Hunting = transitive verb
Tell = transitive verb
Certain = qualitative adjective
Birds = countable nouns
Colour = countable noun
Easily = qualitative adjective
Deceive = transitive verb

A cameleon can easily change colour so that it is difficult to distinguish it from its surroundings.
Cameleon = countable noun
Easily = qualitative adjective
Change = transitive verb
Colour = countable noun
Difficult = qualitative adjective
Distinguish = transitive verb
Surrounding = Noun (geround)

The acid which is produced by those gland cells is so strong that it can harm living cells.
Acid = countable noun
Produced = transitive verb
Gland = countable noun
Cells = countable nouns
So = subordinate conjunction
Strong = qualitative adjective
Harm = transitive verb
Living = Noun (geround)
Cells = countable nouns


The officer highest in rank in a foreign agency or an embassy is an ambassador who heads the embassy and represents his government in diplomacy or diplomatic affairs.
Officer = countable noun
Highest = qualitative adjective
Rank = adverb of place
Foreign = qualitative adjective
Agency = countable noun
Embassy = countable noun
Ambassador = countable noun
Heads = transitive verb
Embassy = countable noun
Ambassador = countable noun
Represents = transitive verb
Government = countable noun
Diplomacy = intransitive verb
Diplomatic = uncountable noun
Affairs = abstract noun

A legation is also a diplomat lower than an ambassador, and he represents his government in a foreign country.
Legation = countable noun
Diplomat = countable noun
Lower = qualitative adjective
Ambassador = countable noun
Represents = transitive verb
Government = countable noun
Foreign = qualitative adjective
Country = adverb of place

Such relations are important to maintain these countries’ national interest through international co-operation.
Relations = countable noun
Important = qualitative adjective
Maintain = transitive verb
countries’ = countable verb
national = countable noun
interest = qualitative adjective
international = adverb
co-operation = countable noun

He wished that he could have continued his study, but he could not; he had to earn money to support his family.
Wished = transitive verb
Family = countable noun
Support = transitive verb
Money = uncountable noun
Earn = transitive verb

However, when Sams was thirty years old and had had a great eal of experience, he moved to Fransisco, where he merried Olivia Langdon in 1870.
Years = adverb of time
Old = qualitative adjective
Had = auxiliary verb
Experience = countable noun
Moved = intransitive verb
Merried = transitive verb

Writing to a busy man requires that you state your business quickly and accurately, but courteously.
Writing = transitive verb
Busy = qualitative adjective
man = countable noun
requires = transitive verb
state = transitive verb
business = countable noun
quickly = qualitative adjective
accurately = qualitative adjective
courteously = qualitative adjective

Unit 2

Unit 2
Describing Company & Its History
(page 17-18)
2. STUDY POINT
1. Complete the sentence with a preposition!

a. The company expanded in the 80’s.
b. I joined AMT in 1991.
c. I left on the spring.
d. The company was taken over on the end of that month.
e. I got a new job with CDR on May 1st.
f. I was sent to Miamy in the beginning of July.
g. My boss called me at 9:00 AM on Tuesday August 5th.
h. He wanted me to go to Rome in September.
i. I called him back at 3:00 PM.

4. Now put these sentences into passive!

a. We bought a factory in Mexico in 1987.
A factory was bought by us in Mexico in 1987.
b. We acquired our Japanese subsidiary in 1988.
Our Japanese was acquired by us in 1988.
c. We closed the Mexician factory in 1989.
It was closed by us in 1989.
d. ZRF took us over in1992.
We take ZRF over in 1992.
e. They tore down the original factory.
The original factory
f. They built a new one on the same site.
A new one was built by them on the same site.
g. They completed the building work in 1993.
The building work was completed by them in 1993.
h. The president opened the new factory.
The new factory was opened by the president.

2. VOCABULARY

Complete the table. Working in pairs, write sentences using the words.





Verb
Noun

To merge
To acquired
To take
To expatiate
To produce
To increase
To decrease
To close (down)
To sell off
To grow
A merge
An acquirement
An takeover
expansion
a production
An increase
A decrease
A closeners
sell out
a grower


(page 24)
EXERCISES 43.1
1. The Bill includes service.
Service is included in in the bill.
2. People don’t use this road very often.
This road isn’t used by people.
3. They canceled all flights because of fog .
All flights were cancelled by them .
4. Somebody accused me of stealing the money.
I was accused of stealing the money by them.
5. They are building a new ring road round the city.
A new ring road is being built by them round the city.
6. I didn’t realise that someone was recording our conversation.
I didn’t realise that our conversation was being recorded.
7. They have changed the date of the meeting.
The date of the meeting has been change by them.
8. Bryan told me that somebody had attacked and robbed him in the street.
Bryan told me that he had been attacked and robbed by somebody in the street.

EXERCISES 43.2
1. This is very popular televison programm.
Every week it is watched by millions of poeple.
2. What happenes to the cars produced in this factory?
Most of them is exported.
3. A: Was there any truble at the demonstration?
B: Yes. About 20 poeple arrested.
4. A: There is no longer military service in Britain.
B: Really? When was it abolished?
5. A: Did anybody call ambulance to the scene of the accident?
B: Yes. But nobody injured, so it was not need.
6. A: last night someone broke into our house.
B: Oh dear. Anything was taken?
7. Mr. Kelly can’t use this office at the moment.
It is decorated.
8. George didn;t have his car yesterday.
It was serviced at the garage.
9. Where is my bicycle? It’s gone.
It has been steal.
10. The poeple next door disappeared six month ago.
They wasn’t seen since then.
11. This room looks different.
It has been beeing painted since I was last here?
12. A tree was lying across the road.
It was being blewn down in the strom.

Dukun dan Astronomer Luar Negeri Sangkal Kiamat Terjadi di 2012

Rabu, 14/10/2009 13:49 WIB Cetak | Kirim

Para paranormal atau dukun yang berasal dari luar negeri akhirnya mengeluarkan pernyataan resmi. Pixtun Apolinario asal Chille merasa bosan dan muak terus-terusan dibombardir dengan pertanyaan-pertanyaan tentang akhir dunia. "Saya kembali dari Inggris tahun lalu, dan orang-orang, membuat saya muak akan itu," katanya.

Seperti diketahui, beberapa waktu lalu beredar kabar bahwa serangkaian kejadian astronomi akan mengakibatkan kiamat pada tahun 2012. Ini juga termasuk ramalan Nostradamus dan bangsa Maya.

Di Cornell University, Ann Martin, yang menjalankan situs web "Penasaran? Tanyalah Astronomer" menyebutkan bahwa orang-orang dilanda ketakutan.

"Ini terlalu buruk. Kami mendapatkan e-mail dari anak-anak kelas empat yang mengatakan bahwa mereka terlalu muda untuk mati," kata Martin Ms. "Kami melihat seorang yang mempunyai dua anak muda dan dia takut tidak akan hidup lagi untuk melihat mereka tumbuh dewasa."

Sebagai orang Islam, kita meyakini akan adanya hari kiamat. Tapi kita tidak pernah tahu kapan datangnya hari tersebut. Rasulullah sudah memberikan tanda-tanda hari kiamat. Yang paling penting adalah kita jangan pernah tidak menyiapkan diri untuk hari tersebut. Memercayai ramalan seperti ini hanyalah membuat aqidah kita luntur saja. (sa/tlgrph)

Keutamaan menyebarkan Assalamu'alaikum

Sebagai ajaran Rabbani Islam memang lengkap dan sempurna. Islam mengatur segenap urusan kehidupan manusia dari perkara yang paling kecil hingga perkara yang paling besar. Dari urusan yang bersifat individual hingga urusan sosial.

Salah satu tuntunan Islam ialah perkara bertegur sapa antara seorang beriman dengan Muslim lainnya. Nabi Muhammad shollallahu ’alaih wa sallam mencontohkan bahwa bila seorang Muslim berjumpa dengan Muslim lainnya, maka hendaklah ia mengucapkan sapaan khas Islam yaitu As-Salamu ‘Alaikum wa Rahmatullah wa Barakatuh, artinya Salam damai untukmu dan semoga Rahmat dan Keberkahan Allah menyertaimu. Subhanallah...! Begitu indahnya tegur-sapa yang diajarkan agama Allah kepada hamba-hambaNya yang beriman.

Bahkan dalam suatu kesempatan Nabi shollallahu ’alaih wa sallam menggambarkan tindakan mengucapkan salam sebagai bentuk ajaran Islam yang lebih baik. Menebar salam disetarakan dengan memberi makanan kepada orang yang dalam kesusahan.

أَنَّ رَجُلًا سَأَلَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَيُّ الْإِسْلَامِ خَيْرٌ قَالَ

تُطْعِمُ الطَّعَامَ وَتَقْرَأُ السَّلَامَ عَلَى مَنْ عَرَفْتَ وَمَنْ لَمْ تَعْرِفْ

Sesungguhnya seorang laki-laki bertanya kepada Nabi shollallahu ’alaih wa sallam: “Manakah ajaran Islam yang lebih baik?” Rasul shollallahu ’alaih wa sallam bersabda: ”Hendaklah engkau memberi makanan dan mengucapkan salam kepada orang yang kamu kenal dan yang tidak.” (HR Bukhary)

Dalam hadits yang lain Nabi shollallahu ’alaih wa sallam menjelaskan korelasi antara mengucapkan salam dengan saling mencinta antara satu Muslim dengan Muslim lainnya. Kemudian korelasi antara saling mencinta dengan keimanan. Kemudian akhirnya korelasi antara beriman dengan izin dari Allah untuk masuk surga, negeri keabadian yang penuh dengan kesenangan abadi.

عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ

لَا تَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ حَتَّى تُؤْمِنُوا وَلَا تُؤْمِنُوا حَتَّى تَحَابُّوا أَوَلَا

أَدُلُّكُمْ عَلَى شَيْءٍ إِذَا فَعَلْتُمُوهُ تَحَابَبْتُمْ أَفْشُوا السَّلَامَ بَيْنَكُمْ

Berkata Abu Hurairah radhiyallahu ’anhu bersabda Rasulullah shollallahu ’alaih wa sallam: “Kalian tidak akan masuk surga sehingga kalian beriman. Kalian tidak beriman secara sempurna sehingga kalian saling mencinta. Maukah kalian aku tunjukkan suatu perkara bila kalian lakukan akan saling mencinta? Biasakanlah mengucapkan salam di antara kalian (apabila berjumpa).” (HR Muslim)

Dengan kata lain Nabi shollallahu ’alaih wa sallam ingin menjelaskan bahwa kumpulan Muslim yang tidak suka saling menebar salam maka tidak akan saling mencinta. Bila atmosfir saling mencinta tidak ada, maka keimanannya diragukan keberadaannya. Dan jika keimanannya diragukan, maka kemungkinan masuk surga-pun menjadi kecil.

Saudaraku, marilah kita berlomba untuk masuk surga dengan jalan senantiasa menebar salam satu sama lain di antara sesama kaum muslimin. Sungguh sederhana, namun sebagian kita enggan melakukannya. Padahal akibat yang ditimbulkannya menjadi idaman setiap Muslim: Masuk surga...! Bukankah ini bentuk kompetisi satu-satunya yang dibenarkan Allah untuk diperebutkan di antara sesama Muslim?

وَسَارِعُوا إِلَى مَغْفِرَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَجَنَّةٍ عَرْضُهَا

السَّمَوَاتُ وَالْأَرْضُ أُعِدَّتْ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ

“Dan bersegeralah kamu kepada ampunan dari Rabbmu dan kepada surga yang luasnya seluas langit dan bumi yang disediakan untuk orang-orang yang bertakwa,” (QS Ali Imran ayat 133)

Ya Allah, aku mohon kepadaMu akan RidhaMu dan SurgaMu dan aku berlindung kepadaMu dari MurkaMu dan NerakaMu.